|
中文部分 |
1-64 |
|
图形和表格列表 |
5-6 |
|
中文摘要 |
6-7 |
|
英文摘要 |
7-12 |
|
第一章 导言 |
12-14 |
|
1.1 研究目的 |
12 |
|
1.2 研究意义 |
12-13 |
|
1.3 论文的篇章结构 |
13-14 |
|
第二章 相关理论的介绍 |
14-24 |
|
2.1 标记理论 |
14-18 |
|
2.1.1 标记概念的引入 |
14 |
|
2.1.2 标记的定义 |
14-16 |
|
2.1.3 标记理论的背景 |
16-17 |
|
2.1.4 标记判断的准则 |
17-18 |
|
2.1.5 标记理论的普遍性及无标记/有标记的一致性 |
18 |
|
2.2 标记模式 |
18 |
|
2.3 标记区分假说 |
18-19 |
|
2.4 普遍语法 |
19 |
|
2.5 认知语言学和心理语言学 |
19-20 |
|
2.6 错误评估 |
20-24 |
|
第三章 文献回顾 |
24-30 |
|
3.1 国外研究 |
24-27 |
|
3.1.1 直接相关研究 |
24-25 |
|
3.1.2 间接相关研究 |
25-27 |
|
3.1.2.1 音系层次上的标记理论 |
25 |
|
3.1.2.2 语义层次上的标记 |
25-26 |
|
3.1.2.3 类型学中的标记 |
26 |
|
3.1.2.4 句法层次上的标记 |
26-27 |
|
3.1.2.5 形态层次上的标记 |
27 |
|
3.2 国内研究 |
27-28 |
|
3.3 研究范围 |
28-30 |
|
第四章 实验研究 |
30-35 |
|
4.1 引言 |
30 |
|
4.2 实验方法 |
30-32 |
|
4.2.1 受试 |
30 |
|
4.2.2 评判 |
30-31 |
|
4.2.3 工具 |
31 |
|
4.2.4 数据誊写 |
31 |
|
4.2.5 数据分析 |
31 |
|
4.2.6 数据比较 |
31-32 |
|
4.3 实验设计 |
32-33 |
|
4.3.1 研究问题 |
32 |
|
4.3.2 实验假设 |
32-33 |
|
4.4 实验材料 |
33 |
|
4.5 实验步骤 |
33-35 |
|
第五章 实验结果和数据分析 |
35-51 |
|
5.1 错误组别之间的相关系数 |
35 |
|
5.2 实验结果 |
35-40 |
|
5.2.1 总体错误和打分情况 |
35-38 |
|
5.2.2 个体组别错误 |
38-40 |
|
5.3 数据收集和数据分析 |
40-43 |
|
5.3.1 数据分析 |
41-43 |
|
5.3.1.1 假设1 |
41 |
|
5.3.1.2 假设2 |
41-43 |
|
5.4 讨论和解释 |
43-51 |
|
5.4.1 讨论 |
43-44 |
|
5.4.1.1 总体结果 |
43 |
|
5.4.1.2 个体组别错误 |
43 |
|
5.4.1.3 整体错误/局部错误 |
43-44 |
|
5.4.2 解释 |
44-51 |
|
5.4.2.1 对第一个结果的解释 |
44-50 |
|
5.4.2.2 对第二个实验结果得解释 |
50-51 |
|
第六章 结论 |
51-60 |
|
6.1 结语 |
51 |
|
6.2 标记理论得启示 |
51-53 |
|
6.2.1 对研究者 |
51-52 |
|
6.2.2 对学习者 |
52 |
|
6.2.3 对教师 |
52-53 |
|
6.3 局限性 |
53 |
|
6.4 对未来研究的建议 |
53-60 |
|
附录一 |
60-61 |
|
附录二 |
61-63 |
|
附录三 |
63-64 |
|
英文部分 |
64-143 |
|
Acnkowledgements |
66-69 |
|
List of Figure and Tables |
69-72 |
|
List of Abbreviations |
72-74 |
|
Abstract (in English) |
74-76 |
|
Abstract (in Chinese) |
76-77 |
|
Chapter 1 Introduction |
77-80 |
|
1.1 Research purpose |
77 |
|
1.2 Research significance |
77-78 |
|
1.3 The outline of the thesis |
78-80 |
|
Chapter 2 Introduction of the Relevant Theories |
80-93 |
|
2.1 Markedness Theory |
80-86 |
|
2.1.1 Introduction of Markedness |
80-81 |
|
2.1.2 Definitions of Markedness |
81-83 |
|
2.1.3 Background of Markedness Theory |
83-84 |
|
2.1.4 Criteria for Markedness Judgment |
84-85 |
|
2.1.5 Universality of Markedness Theory and Unmarked/Marked Agreement |
85-86 |
|
2.2 The Markedness Model |
86 |
|
2.3 The Markedness Differential Hypothesis |
86-87 |
|
2.4 Universal Grammar |
87 |
|
2.5 Cognitive linguistics and Psycholinguistics |
87-88 |
|
2.6 Error Evaluation |
88-93 |
|
Chapter 3 Literature Review |
93-101 |
|
3.1 Research abroad |
93-98 |
|
3.1.1 Direct relevant research |
93-95 |
|
3.1.2 Indirect relevant research |
95-98 |
|
3.1.2.1 Markedness at the Phonology level |
95-96 |
|
3.1.2.2 Markedness at the Semantics level |
96 |
|
3.1.2.3 Markedness at the Typology level |
96-97 |
|
3.1.2.4 Markedness at the syntax level |
97-98 |
|
3.1.2.5 Markedness at the Morphology level |
98 |
|
3.2 Research at home |
98-100 |
|
3.3 The orientation of the present study |
100-101 |
|
Chapter 4 Experimental Study |
101-108 |
|
4.1 Introduction |
101 |
|
4.2 Methodology |
101-103 |
|
4.2.1 Subjects |
101 |
|
4.2.2 Consultants |
101-102 |
|
4.2.3 Instruments |
102 |
|
4.2.4 Data transcription |
102 |
|
4.2.5 Data analysis |
102-103 |
|
4.2.6 Data comparison |
103 |
|
4.3 Experimental design |
103-105 |
|
4.3.1 Research questions |
103-104 |
|
4.3.2 The experimental hypothesis |
104-105 |
|
4.4 Material |
105-106 |
|
4.5 Procedure |
106-108 |
|
Chapter 5 Experimental Results and Data Analysis |
108-129 |
|
5.1 Correlations between types of errors |
108 |
|
5.2 Experimental results |
108-114 |
|
5.2.1 Overall errors and rankings |
108-111 |
|
5.2.2 Individual errors |
111-114 |
|
5.3 Data collection and data analysis |
114-116 |
|
5.3.1 Data analysis |
114-116 |
|
5.3.1.1 Hypothesis one: |
114-115 |
|
5.3.1.2 Hypothesis two: |
115-116 |
|
5.4 Discussions and explanations |
116-129 |
|
5.4.1 Discussios |
116-119 |
|
5.4.1.1 Overall results |
116-117 |
|
5.4.1.2 Individual error types |
117 |
|
5.4.1.3 Local/global distinction |
117-119 |
|
5.4.2 Explanatios |
119-129 |
|
5.4.2.1 Explanations of the first result |
119-127 |
|
5.4.2.2 Explanations of the second result |
127-129 |
|
Chapter 6 Conclusion |
129-134 |
|
6.1 Conclusion of the study |
129-130 |
|
6.2 Implications of Markedness Theory |
130-132 |
|
6.2.1 For researchers |
130-132 |
|
6.2.2 For learners |
132 |
|
6.2.3 For teachers |
132 |
|
6.3 limitations |
132-133 |
|
6.4 Suggestions for the future studies |
133-134 |
|
References |
134-140 |
|
Appendix Ⅰ |
140-141 |
|
Appendix Ⅱ |
141-143 |
|
Appendix Ⅲ |
143 |